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Results for “Torque”

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Classical Mechanics

Torque

The rotational equivalent of linear force, measuring the effectiveness of a force in causing angular acceleration about an axis.

τ = r × F = r F sin θ N·m
Classical Mechanics

Couple

A system of two equal, parallel forces acting in opposite directions whose lines of action do not coincide, producing pure torque without…

τ = F d N·m
Classical Mechanics

Dynamic Equilibrium

The state of a physical system moving at constant linear velocity and constant angular velocity with zero net force and zero net torque.

∑ F = 0 (v = const ≠ 0), ∑ τ = 0 (ω = const) N, N·m
Electromagnetism & Electronics

Magnetic Dipole Moment

A vector quantity determining the torque experienced by a magnetic dipole when placed in an external magnetic field.

μ = I A, U = -μ · B A·m² (or J/T)
Electromagnetism & Electronics

Moving Coil Galvanometer, Ammeter & Voltmeter

An electromechanical instrument that measures small currents using magnetic torque on a pivoted coil, converted to an ammeter or voltmeter…

τ = N I A B = k θ; Ammeter: S = I_g G / (I - I_g); Voltmeter: R_s = (V / I_g) - G A (Current), V (Voltage)
Classical Mechanics

Static Equilibrium

The state of a rigid body where both net external force and net external torque are zero, keeping the body completely at rest.

∑ F = 0, ∑ τ = 0 N, N·m
Classical Mechanics

Angular Acceleration

The rate of change of angular velocity with respect to time.

α = dω/dt = τ / I rad/s²
Classical Mechanics

Angular Momentum

The rotational analog of linear momentum, defined as the product of moment of inertia and angular velocity.

L = I ω = r × p kg·m²/s (J·s)
Electromagnetism & Electronics

Electric Dipole

A system of two equal and opposite electric charges (+q and -q) separated by a small distance d.

p = q d, V = (1 / (4π ε₀)) (p cos θ / r²) C·m (Coulomb-meters)
Geophysics & Environmental Physics

Nutation

Small periodic nodding oscillations superimposed upon Earth's long-term rotational axis precession.

Principal Nutation Period T = 18.6 years, Amplitude = 9.2″ Arcseconds (17.2″ in longitude, 9.2″ in obliquity)
Geophysics & Environmental Physics

Precession of the Equinoxes

The slow continuous conical rotation of Earth's rotational axis in space, taking ~25,800 years to complete one full cycle.

Precession Period T ≈ 25,772 years (Axial Wobble Rate ~ 50.3″/year) Years per Cycle (~25,800 years)
Foundations of Physics

Vector Product

A vector operation multiplying two 3D vectors to yield a vector perpendicular to both, with magnitude equal to the area of the…

A × B = |A||B| sin θ n_hat Various