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842 terms · page 32 of 36
Stokes' Theorem
A fundamental vector calculus theorem relating the surface integral of the curl of a vector field over an open surface S to the line…
Geophysics & Environmental PhysicsStratosphere
The second major layer of Earth's atmosphere, extending from the tropopause (~12 km) up to the stratopause (~50 km), containing the…
Nuclear & Particle PhysicsStrong Nuclear Force
The powerful fundamental interaction that binds quarks together into hadrons and holds protons and neutrons together inside the atomic…
Thermodynamics & Statistical PhysicsSublimation
The direct phase transition of a substance from solid to gas state without passing through an intermediate liquid phase.
Condensed Matter & Materials PhysicsSuperalloys
High-performance metallic alloys engineered to maintain exceptional mechanical strength, creep resistance, and oxidation resistance at high…
Condensed Matter & Materials PhysicsSuperconductivity
A macroscopic quantum state of matter where certain materials exhibit exactly zero electrical DC resistance and complete expulsion of…
Condensed Matter & Materials PhysicsSuperfluidity
A macroscopic quantum state of matter where a fluid flows with exactly zero viscosity and zero kinetic entropy.
Astrophysics, Cosmology & RelativitySupernova
A catastrophic stellar explosion marking the death of a star, briefly outshining an entire galaxy and dispersing heavy elements into space.
Condensed Matter & Materials PhysicsSurface Energy
The excess thermodynamic energy at the surface of a material relative to its interior bulk, caused by disrupted, incomplete atomic bonds.
Nuclear & Particle PhysicsSynchrotron
A large ring-shaped particle accelerator in which guiding magnetic fields and accelerating RF electric fields increase synchronously as…
Foundations of PhysicsSystematic Error
A consistent, repeatable error in experimental measurements that skews data in the same direction from the true value.
Nuclear & Particle PhysicsTau Lepton
The third-generation elementary charged lepton, with a mass approximately 3,477 times heavier than an electron.
Mathematical & Computational PhysicsTaylor Series
An infinite polynomial series representation of a smooth function expressed in terms of its higher-order derivatives evaluated at a single…
Thermodynamics & Statistical PhysicsTemperature
A macroscopic scalar measure of the average translational kinetic energy of constituent particles in a physical system.
Classical MechanicsTension
The pulling force transmitted axially through a string, rope, cable, or structural member.
Mathematical & Computational PhysicsTensor
A multilinear geometric object describing linear relationships between algebraic vectors, tensors, and scalars independent of coordinate…
Classical MechanicsTerminal Velocity
The constant maximum speed attained by a falling body when upward aerodynamic drag equals downward gravitational force.
OpticsTerrestrial Telescope
A refracting telescope incorporating an additional erecting lens system between objective and eyepiece to yield an upright image for ground…
Thermodynamics & Statistical PhysicsThermal Conduction
The transfer of thermal energy through a stationary medium via microscopic particle collisions and free electron movement without bulk…
Thermodynamics & Statistical PhysicsThermal Convection
The transfer of heat energy between a solid surface and an adjacent moving fluid, driven by bulk fluid motion.
Thermodynamics & Statistical PhysicsThermal Efficiency
The dimensionless ratio of net mechanical work produced by a heat engine to total thermal energy input supplied.
Thermodynamics & Statistical PhysicsThermal Radiation
The emission of electromagnetic energy from matter due to thermal agitation of its charged constituent particles.
Thermodynamics & Statistical PhysicsThermal Stress
Mechanical stress developed within a material when thermal expansion or contraction is constrained by rigid boundaries.
Plasma PhysicsThermal vs Non-Thermal Plasmas
The classification of plasmas based on thermodynamic equilibrium between electron temperature T_e and heavy ion/gas temperature T_i.