Terms starting with Z
6 terms
Z-Pinch
Plasma Physics
MA (Mega-amperes Current)
A plasma confinement geometry where an axial electric current passed through a plasma column generates a self-pinching azimuthal magnetic field.
Bennett Relation: I² = (8 π / μ₀) N k_B (T_e + T_i)
Zeeman Effect
Quantum & Atomic Physics
eV (Energy Shift)
The splitting of atomic spectral lines into multiple closely spaced components in the presence of an external static magnetic field.
ΔE = g_L μ_B m_j B
Zener Diode
Electromagnetism & Electronics
V (Volts)
A heavily doped silicon p-n junction diode designed to operate safely in reverse breakdown mode to maintain a precise reference voltage.
V_out = V_Z (constant in reverse breakdown)
Zero Error
Foundations of Physics
Various
A systematic error that occurs when a measuring instrument displays a non-zero reading when the actual quantity being measured is zero.
True Value = Observed Value - Zero Error
Zero-Point Energy
Quantum & Atomic Physics
eV or Joules
The lowest possible quantum mechanical energy state that a physical system may possess at absolute zero temperature (0 K).
E₀ = ½ ℏ ω (for harmonic oscillator)
Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics
Thermodynamics & Statistical Physics
N/A
The law stating that if two systems are each in thermal equilibrium with a third system, they are in thermal equilibrium with each other.
If T_A = T_C and T_B = T_C, then T_A = T_B