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Mathematical & Computational Physics

Jacobian Matrix

A matrix of all first-order partial derivatives of a vector-valued multivariable function, representing local linear coordinate…

J_ij = ∂f_i / ∂x_j, dV' = |det J| dV Coordinate Transformation Factor Condensed Matter & Materials Physics

Josephson Effect

The quantum tunneling of Cooper pairs across a thin insulating barrier separating two superconductors (a Josephson junction).

I = I_c sin(Δφ), V = (ℏ / 2e) (dΔφ / dt) mA (Current), μV (Voltage) Electromagnetism & Electronics

Joule Heating

The process in which the flow of electric current through a conductor generates thermal energy due to electrical resistance.

H = I² R t = P t J (Joules) Thermodynamics & Statistical Physics

Joule-Thomson Effect

The temperature change experienced by a real gas when throttled through an insulated porous plug or valve at constant enthalpy.

μ_JT = (∂T / ∂P)_H K/Pa