Waves, Oscillations & Acoustics
3 terms
Damped Oscillations
Waves, Oscillations & Acoustics
m
Oscillatory motion whose mechanical energy and amplitude decrease exponentially over time due to dissipative forces like friction or viscosity.
x(t) = A exp(-b t / 2m) cos(ω_d t + φ)
Decibel Scale
Waves, Oscillations & Acoustics
dB
A logarithmic scale used to express sound intensity or sound pressure level relative to a reference threshold.
β = 10 log10(I / I0), I0 = 10⁻¹² W/m²
Doppler Effect
Waves, Oscillations & Acoustics
Hz
The apparent shift in observed wave frequency caused by relative motion between the wave source and the observer.
f_obs = f_src (v ± v_obs) / (v ∓ v_src)