Quantum & Atomic Physics
2 terms
Electron Spin
Quantum & Atomic Physics
J·s (Spin Angular Momentum)
An intrinsic form of angular momentum carried by elementary particles, independent of orbital spatial motion.
S = √(s (s + 1)) ℏ, s = ½, S_z = ± ½ ℏ
Expectation Value
Quantum & Atomic Physics
Same as measured quantity
The probabilistic average or expected value of many physical measurements performed on an ensemble of identically prepared quantum states.
⟨A⟩ = ∫ ψ* Â ψ dx / ∫ ψ* ψ dx