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Plasma Physics

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Plasma Physics

Saha Ionization Equation

A thermodynamic relation expressing the ionization state of a plasma in thermal equilibrium as a function of temperature and electron…

(n_i+1 n_e) / n_i = (2 g_i+1 / g_i) (2 π m_e k_B T / h²)^(3/2) e^(-E_ion / (k_B T)) m⁻³ (Ionization Balance Density) Plasma Physics

Solar Wind

A continuous supersonic stream of fully ionized magnetoplasma (protons, electrons, alpha particles) expanding outward from the Sun's corona…

v_sw ≈ 300–800 km/s, n_e ≈ 5 cm⁻³ at 1 AU km/s (Velocity) & cm⁻³ (Density) Plasma Physics

Stellarator

A magnetic confinement fusion device that produces a helical magnetic field using complex, 3D non-planar external electromagnetic coils…

Rotational Transform ι = 1 / q (Generated entirely by 3D external coils) Dimensionless Magnetic Transform