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Geophysics & Environmental Physics

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Geophysics & Environmental Physics

Ocean Acidification

The ongoing long-term reduction in the pH of Earth's oceans caused by the absorption of anthropogenic carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.

CO₂ + H₂O ⇌ H₂CO₃ ⇌ H⁺ + HCO₃⁻, H⁺ + CO₃²⁻ ⇌ HCO₃⁻ pH Units (Logarithmic Scale) Geophysics & Environmental Physics

Ocean Currents

Continuous, directed large-scale movements of seawater generated by wind stress, Coriolis force, temperature, salinity differences, and…

Geostrophic Ocean Flow: 2 Ω sin φ v_ocean = (1 / ρ) (dP / dx) Sv (Sverdrups = 10⁶ m³/s) or m/s