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Foundations of Physics

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Foundations of Physics

Percentage Uncertainty

The absolute uncertainty of a measurement divided by the measured value, expressed as a percentage.

Percentage Uncertainty = (Δx / x) × 100% %
Foundations of Physics

Physical Quantity

A quantifiable property of a physical system or phenomenon that can be measured and expressed as a numerical value multiplied by a unit.

Quantity = Value × Unit Various
Foundations of Physics

Planck's Constant

A fundamental physical constant that sets the scale for quantum mechanical phenomena, relating photon energy to its frequency.

E = hf, h = 6.62607015 × 10⁻³⁴ J·s J·s
Foundations of Physics

Polar Coordinates

A 2D coordinate system specifying point location by radial distance r from the origin and angular displacement θ from a reference axis.

x = r cos θ, y = r sin θ, r = √(x² + y²) m, rad
Foundations of Physics

Precision

The degree of agreement or repeatability among independent measurements of the same quantity taken under identical conditions.

Standard Deviation (σ) Various
Foundations of Physics

Pressure

The perpendicular force exerted per unit surface area over which that force is distributed.

P = F / A Pa