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Condensed Matter & Materials Physics

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Condensed Matter & Materials Physics

Effective Mass

A parameter that simplifies modeling electron and hole dynamics in a crystal lattice by treating them as free particles with a modified…

m* = ℏ² / (d²E / dk²) kg or Fraction of Rest Mass m_e
Condensed Matter & Materials Physics

Exciton

A neutral quasiparticle consisting of a conduction electron bound to a valence band hole by electrostatic Coulomb attraction.

E_exciton = E_g - E_b (where E_b = μ e⁴ / (8 ε² h² n²)) eV (Binding Energy)
Condensed Matter & Materials Physics

Extrinsic Semiconductor

A semiconductor whose electrical conductivity is dominated by intentional impurity dopants rather than thermal excitation across the band…

n p = n_i² (Mass Action Law) cm⁻³ (Dopant Carrier Density)