Biophysics & Medical Physics
2 terms
Optical Tweezers
Biophysics & Medical Physics
pN (Piconewton Forces ~0.1–100 pN)
A biophysical instrument using a strongly focused laser beam to trap, manipulate, and exert piconewton forces on microscopic dielectric particles or biological molecules.
F_gradient = ½ α ∇(E²), Hooke's Law F = -k_trap x
Osmosis
Biophysics & Medical Physics
Pa or kPa (Osmotic Pressure)
The net passive diffusion of solvent molecules (water) across a selectively permeable membrane from lower solute concentration toward higher solute concentration.
Π = i C R T (van 't Hoff Equation)