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Biophysics & Medical Physics

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Biophysics & Medical Physics

Optical Tweezers

A biophysical instrument using a strongly focused laser beam to trap, manipulate, and exert piconewton forces on microscopic dielectric…

F_gradient = ½ α ∇(E²), Hooke's Law F = -k_trap x pN (Piconewton Forces ~0.1–100 pN) Biophysics & Medical Physics

Osmosis

The net passive diffusion of solvent molecules (water) across a selectively permeable membrane from lower solute concentration toward…

Π = i C R T (van 't Hoff Equation) Pa or kPa (Osmotic Pressure)