Biophysics & Medical Physics
7 terms
Effective Dose
Biophysics & Medical Physics
mSv (Millisieverts)
A radiation protection quantity representing the overall stochastic health risk to the whole body by weighting organ equivalent doses by tissue sensitivity factors w_T.
E = ∑ H_T × w_T = ∑ D_T × w_R × w_T
Electro-osmosis
Biophysics & Medical Physics
m/s (Electro-osmotic Velocity)
The motion of a liquid containing mobile ions through a porous biological membrane or microchannel driven by an applied electric field.
v_eo = (ε_r ε₀ ζ / η) E (Smoluchowski Equation)
Electrocardiography (ECG)
Biophysics & Medical Physics
mV (Amplitude ~1 mV) & bpm (Heart Rate)
A non-invasive diagnostic technique recording the spatial bioelectric potential changes produced by heart muscle depolarization and repolarization.
Cardiac Dipole Vector P(t), Einthoven's Triangle Lead Vectors
Electroencephalography (EEG)
Biophysics & Medical Physics
μV (Microvolts ~10–100 μV) & Hz
A non-invasive neurophysiological technique measuring electrical brain activity using surface scalp electrodes.
Frequency Bands: Delta (1–4Hz), Theta (4–8Hz), Alpha (8–12Hz), Beta (12–30Hz)
Electroporation
Biophysics & Medical Physics
kV/cm (Electric Field Strength)
A biophysical technique applying short, high-voltage electric field pulses to cells to temporarily increase cell membrane permeability by creating nanoscale aqueous pores.
Critical Transmembrane Breakdown Voltage V_c ≈ 0.5–1.0 V
Entropy in Biological Systems
Biophysics & Medical Physics
J/K (Entropy)
The thermodynamic concept describing how open biological systems maintain high internal structural order by expelling heat and entropy to their environment.
dS_system + dS_environment ≥ 0 (Schrödinger: 'Living on Negative Entropy')
Equivalent Dose
Biophysics & Medical Physics
Sv (Sievert = J/kg) or rem
A radiation protection dose quantity weighing absorbed dose by the specific biological effectiveness factor w_R of the radiation type.
H = D × w_R (Radiation Weighting Factor w_R)